
Banaras
Day-trip 10 km to Sarnath — where the Buddha delivered his first sermon (Dharma Chakra Pravartana) after attaining enlightenment in 528 BCE. Visit the Dhamek Stupa (44 m tall, 5th century CE), Mulagandha Kuti Vihara (modern temple with murals by Japanese artist Kosetsu Nosu), and the superb Sarnath Museum housing the Ashoka Lion Capital (India's national emblem).
The Sarnath Museum contains the original Ashoka Lion Capital (3rd century BCE) — the finest surviving Mauryan sculpture and India's national symbol. No photography allowed in the museum.